Cardano resumed his studies at the University of Padua, where he graduated with a doctorate in medicine in 1525. During the Italian War of 1521–1526, however, the authorities in Pavia were forced to close the university in 1524. Shortly before his birth, his mother had to move from Milan to Pavia to escape the Plague her three other children died from the disease.Īfter a depressing childhood, with frequent illnesses, including impotence, and the rough upbringing by his overbearing father, in 1520, Cardano entered the University of Pavia against the wish of his father, who wanted his son to undertake studies of law, but Girolamo felt more attracted to philosophy and science. In his autobiography, Cardano wrote that his mother, Chiara Micheri, had taken "various abortive medicines" to terminate the pregnancy he was "taken by violent means from my mother I was almost dead." She was in labour for three days. In his 1545 book Ars Magna, he made the first systematic use of negative numbers in Europe, published with attribution the solutions of other mathematicians for the cubic and quartic equations, and acknowledged the existence of imaginary numbers.Ĭardano was born on the 24th of September, 1501 in Pavia, Lombardy, the illegitimate child of Fazio Cardano, a mathematically gifted jurist, lawyer, and close personal friend of Leonardo da Vinci. Today, he is well known for his achievements in algebra. The generating circles of these hypocycloids were later named Cardano circles or cardanic circles and were used for the construction of the first high-speed printing presses. He made significant contributions to hypocycloids, published in De proportionibus, in 1570. Ĭardano partially invented and described several mechanical devices including the combination lock, the gimbal consisting of three concentric rings allowing a supported compass or gyroscope to rotate freely, and the Cardan shaft with universal joints, which allows the transmission of rotary motion at various angles and is used in vehicles to this day. He was one of the most influential mathematicians of the Renaissance, and was one of the key figures in the foundation of probability and the earliest introducer of the binomial coefficients and the binomial theorem in the Western world. S.)) was an Italian polymath, whose interests and proficiencies ranged through those of mathematician, physician, biologist, physicist, chemist, astrologer, astronomer, philosopher, writer, and gambler. Gerolamo Cardano ( Italian: also Girolamo or Geronimo French: Jérôme Cardan Latin: Hieronymus Cardanus 24 September 1501– 21 September 1576 ( O. Science, mathematics, philosophy, and literatureĪrchimedes, Muḥammad ibn Mūsā al-Khwārizmī, Leonardo Fibonacciīlaise Pascal, François Viète, Pierre de Fermat, Isaac Newton, Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz, Maria Gaetana Agnesi, Joseph-Louis Lagrange, Carl Friedrich Gauss First systematic use of negative numbers in Europe
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